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An advertiser looking to drive conversions is using manual cost–per–click (CPC) bidding. Which factor should be most important for this advertiser when deciding keyword bids?
A) The profit dervied from a paid click
B) The bids of the next closest advertiser
C) The average profit per conversion
D) The Quality Score of the keyword
Explanation:
When estimating value-per-conversion, it’s often strategic to factor in things like repeat business, word-of-mouth, and lifetime customer value. Factoring in these values can give you the flexibility to bid higher while confidently bidding below your value-per-click.
Let’s look at a fictional business-to-business machinery company named Example Machines to see how this works. Rather than sell directly online, Example Machines uses AdWords to generate leads for its sales team. We’ll factor that in too.
Short-term conversion value for Example Machines
Let’s look at a fictional business-to-business machinery company named Example Machines to see how this works. Rather than sell directly online, Example Machines uses AdWords to generate leads for its sales team. We’ll factor that in too.
Short-term conversion value for Example Machines
- Average deal revenue: $3,000
- Profit margin: 45%
- Leads that convert to a deal: 20%
- Value-per-conversion (short-term): $270 ($3,000 * 45% * 20%)
Factoring in word-of-mouth
Example Machines has data showing that for each customer they usually gain 15% in additional business through word-of-mouth. Here’s how we factor that in:
- Value-per-lead (short term): $270
- Gain from word-of-mouth: 15%
- Value-per-conversion (+word-of-mouth): $310.50 ($270 * 115%)
Note that we multiply by 115% instead of 15%. This is because we are amplifying a gain as opposed to a loss.
Factoring in lifetime customer value
Lastly, Example Machines knows that each new customer makes repeat purchases worth approximately $5,000 in revenue over their lifetime. It’s easiest to factor this into initial deal value.
- Average deal revenue: $3,000
- Repeat business over lifetime: $5,000
- Profit margin: 45%
- Lifetime profit-per-customer: $3,600 ($3,000 + $5,000)*(45%)
Then we can factor back in how many leads convert to a deal and word-of-mouth gains:
- Lifetime profit-per-customer: $3,600
- Leads that convert to a deal: 20%
- Gain from word-of-mouth: 15%
- Lifetime value-per-conversion: $828.00 ($3,600 * 20% * 115%)
How this enables more strategic bidding
Let’s assume 5% of clicks convert to a sales lead and see how this affects our value-per-click:
- Value-per-click (short term): $13.50 ($270.00 * 5%)
- Value-per-click (+word-of-mouth): $15.53 ($310.50 * 5%)
- Value-per-click (lifetime): $41.40 ($828.00 * 5%)
Notice how factoring in full conversion value enables Example Machines to consider a broader range of profitable CPC bids.
Conversion value challenges
Many factors can make it difficult to estimate conversion value in practice. Some examples include:
- A hotel chain where inventory is limited by time and available rooms
- An e-commerce site where customers search for one product, then purchase another
- Business services where deal sizes can vary from thousands to millions of dollars
- Subscription services where a new customer may enroll in a range of offerings over time
Even in cases where estimating conversion value is difficult, it still may be possible to use an estimated range for your likely conversion value, or conservative estimates for factors that are difficult to track. For example, if you’re intuitively confident that gains from word-of-mouth represent an additional 20-30% of value but you lack definitive tracking, using a 15-20% conservative estimate is often more helpful than using no value at all.
Choosing your conversion value
It’s important to use a method that makes sense for your business and advertising objectives. Short-term conversion values can be useful when you want to maximize immediate profit or customer acquisition as cash flows allow. Lifetime conversion values can be more useful when trying to maximize long term growth. When choosing a conversion value, it’s important to opt for a method that aligns with your goals.
